ASEAN's Crisis of Effectiveness in Handling Intra-Regional Conflicts Thailand and Cambodia
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Abstract
The war between Thailand and Cambodia that led to bloodshed in 2025 has repeatedly evaluated the role of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) as a multiregional organisation oriented towards peace and collective stability. The current escalation involves armed clashes, border closures, and the severance of economic cooperation between states, which is strongly correlated with historical events, which is a difference in interpretation regarding the 1907 French colonial map. These tensions highlight the failure of ASEAN’s Non-Interference Principle that considers the sovereignty of each member state. Its ineffectiveness is caused by its limitations in forming firm and concrete policies, resulting in insignificant impacts on conflict resolution. The strong urge of regionalism in achieving Positive Peace emphasizes peace as a collective ownership of a regional community in order to achieve long-term stability. ASEAN tends to approach peace through its normative values. However, as what shows on the Thailand and Cambodia conflict, the implementation which reveals failures and challenges in achieving balanced peace. In this contemporary era, the application of the Positive Peace concept provides a precise challenge for regionalism in maintaining peace and cooperation between states that tend to prioritize domestic urgencies.
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References
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