Bridging the Gaps in E-Waste Governance: E-Waste Management in Southeast Asia
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Abstrak
Negara-negara di Asia Tenggara merupakan produsen sekaligus penerima produk limbah elektronik bekas (e-waste). Meskipun menghadapi tekanan yang relatif serupa akibat meningkatnya konsumsi elektronik, bertambahnya volume limbah elektronik, dan risiko lingkungan yang menyertainya, negara-negara Asia Tenggara menunjukkan variasi yang cukup besar dalam tata kelola limbah elektronik serta efektivitas respons kebijakan mereka. Studi ini mengkaji tata kelola limbah elektronik di lima negara Asia Tenggara—Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam, dan Singapura—untuk menjelaskan variasi tersebut melalui perbedaan dalam kapasitas kebijakan, kapasitas kelembagaan, dan kapasitas negara. Temuan studi menunjukkan adanya variasi signifikan dalam organisasi dan efektivitas tata kelola limbah elektronik di kelima negara tersebut, khususnya terkait sejauh mana komitmen regulasi formal diwujudkan dalam implementasi yang efektif. Negara-negara dengan kapasitas kebijakan, kelembagaan, dan negara yang kuat terbukti lebih mampu mengoordinasikan berbagai pihak, menegakkan peraturan, dan melaksanakan kebijakan e-waste secara efektif. Variasi tata kelola limbah elektronik di Asia Tenggara mencerminkan tidak hanya perbedaan kerangka regulasi, tetapi juga perbedaan kapasitas pemerintah dalam menerjemahkan kebijakan menjadi tindakan nyata yang efektif.
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Referensi
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